Current Drug Therapy

Article Title:

Abstract:

Introduction: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating chronic pain condition characterized by sudden, intense, shock-like facial pain episodes, often triggered by innocuous stimuli. Despite advancements in understanding its pathophysiology, including the role of neurovascular compression, demyelination, and aberrant sensory neuron activity, the exact cause remains elusive. Methods: A crippling chronic pain disorder that affects the trigeminal nerve is called trigeminal neuralgia (TN). An overview of TN, including its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and historical background, is intended to be provided. Results: Diagnosis relies heavily on clinical history and exclusion of other possible causes, with recent criteria emphasizing specific attributes of the pain episodes. Treatment options, including medications and surgical interventions, aim to alleviate pain and improve quality of life, but recurrence remains a challenge for many patients. Further research into the underlying mechanisms of TN is crucial for developing more effective treatment strategies and improving outcomes for affected individuals. Conclusion: A comprehensive review of existing literature on TN was conducted, focusing on recent advancements in understanding its etiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic criteria.